Toll Free : + 1-888-961-4454 | Int'l : + 91 (788) 802-9103 | support@researchdive.com
IC2009388 |
Pages: 220 |
May 2023 |
The rising demand for IT services is a major factor driving the managed services market demand. The complexity of IT infrastructure has increased substantially as businesses have become more dependent on technology, and managing numerous devices and apps may be difficult. To help businesses manage their IT requirements more effectively and efficiently, managed services providers offer expertise and resources. Managed services providers can offer services such as security, data backup and recovery, network monitoring, and help desk support in addition to managing IT infrastructure. Businesses that lack the internal resources or ability to accomplish these duties on their own may find these services to be greatly beneficial. As businesses become more dependent on technology, there will certainly be an increase in demand for IT services. As more businesses opt for managed services providers to help them in managing their IT requirements, this is likely to drive the growth of the managed services industry. These factors are anticipated to boost the managed services market expansion in the upcoming years.
However, the lack of skilled talent is a significant disadvantage for managed services providers. The need for knowledgeable IT workers has increased as technology has developed, but there has not been a comparable rise in the number of these individuals. This has led to a skill scarcity in the sector, making it challenging for managed services providers to find and maintain the staff they need to offer their clients high-quality services. It could increase competition for the limited amount of available talent, making it difficult for smaller suppliers to compete with bigger ones. It could force service providers to hire less qualified or experienced employees, which might lower the standard of the services provided. All these factors are anticipated to hamper the market revenue growth during the forecast period.
The managed services' major benefit for companies is its scalability. Managed services are readily scaled up or down to meet the demands of developing and evolving businesses. This implies that companies can avoid the expenses and hazards related to having to manage their IT infrastructure or hire and educate personnel to perform these responsibilities. Providers of managed services often offer a variety of services, ranging from straightforward monitoring and upkeep to more sophisticated assistance and control. This enables companies to select the service level that best meets their requirements and to modify that level as those requirements change over time. In addition, managed services providers often have the resources and expertise to quickly deploy new technology or upgrade existing systems, which can help businesses stay competitive in a rapidly changing market.
According to regional analysis, the North America managed services market accounted for the highest market share in 2021. A considerable shift towards managed security services is also being seen in the North American market, owing to rising cyber security risks and rules. Organizations may reduce cyber threats and comply with regulations with the aid of managed security services. The demand for managed services is anticipated to remain high in North America across a variety of sectors, including manufacturing, financial services, healthcare, and retail.
Managed services is a business model where a third-party service provider manages and maintains a company's technology and infrastructure on an ongoing basis. This allows businesses to outsource their IT operations and focus on their core business functions. Managed services can encompass a wide range of services, including monitoring and maintaining servers, networks, and applications, providing help desk and technical support, managing security and backups, and providing consulting and strategic planning services.
The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the managed services market. The pandemic led to an increase in the demand for managed services in certain areas, such as cloud computing and security. The shift to remote work and the increase in use of cloud services led to an increase in demand for managed services related to cloud computing and cybersecurity. Many organizations were looking to outsource their operations and focus on their core business, which increased the demand for managed services. The pandemic accelerated the digital transformation of businesses, which increased the demand for managed services related to digitalization. It had also negatively impacted the market in other areas, such as on-premises managed services. The pandemic negatively impacted the market for on-premises managed services, as many organizations shifted to cloud-based services. The economic downturn caused by the pandemic led to budget cuts, which affected the demand for managed services. The supply chain disruptions caused by the pandemic impacted the delivery of managed services, leading to delays in services and increased costs.
The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the adoption of managed services, and this trend is likely to continue in the post-pandemic pandemic. While the COVID-19 pandemic had both positive and negative impacts on the managed services market, the trend towards digitalization and the increasing need for cybersecurity are expected to drive the growth of the market in the upcoming years.
The rising adoption of cloud computing services is a major growth factor of the managed services market. Several managed service providers (MSPs) now offer cloud services between Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, and Google Compute Platform (GCP), as well as migration services to help customers move from private to public clouds. MSPs can sell the cloud services, administer and optimize cloud services, and assist in moving the apps to the cloud. The industry is expanding quickly, and there are a lot of mergers and acquisitions (M&A) activities as MSPs compete to offer unique cloud-managed services that allow them to assist businesses in entering new markets more quickly, effectively, and affordably. Businesses are concentrating on their core operations, which leads to higher use of cloud-managed services. Major categories in the market for cloud-managed services include business services, security services, network services, data center services, and mobility services. The use of these services will increase productivity while also assisting businesses in lowering their IT and operational expenditures. These factors are anticipated to drive the managed services industry growth in the upcoming years.
To know more about global managed services market drivers, get in touch with our analysts here.
The amount of data being generated and stored is continuing to increase tremendously as organizations depend more on technology to manage their operations. Data security is a crucial part of managed services. Various types of data security concerns such as data loss, data breaches, third-party risks, and others are expected to hamper the market growth. Data breaches may result when there is unauthorized access to private data. System malfunctions, unintentional deletion, and natural disasters are a few examples of the many causes of data loss. Moreover, MSPs usually employ third-party vendors to offer services to their clients. This also increases the chances of data breaches. These factors are projected to hinder the market revenue growth during the forecast period.
The rising need for digital transformation and adoption of technology is likely to drive considerable development in the managed services industry in the upcoming years. Cloud computing, cybersecurity, network administration, and data analytics are just a few of the services that managed service providers offer to organizations to help them become more productive, save money, and perform better. The rise of remote work and the need for secure and reliable IT infrastructure has further accelerated the demand for managed services. Businesses have a lot of options to save money with managed services. Businesses may make use of the economies of scale and specialized service providers' knowledge by outsourcing their IT operations to third-party service providers instead of investing in costly infrastructure or employing and training in-house workers. Network administration, cloud services, security, data backup and recovery, and help desk assistance are provided by managed services companies. Businesses may save operating expenses, optimize their IT infrastructure, and boost overall operational effectiveness by utilizing the knowledge and experience of managed services providers.
To know more about global managed services market opportunities, get in touch with our analysts here.
Based on organization size, the market has been divided into SME and large. Among these, the large sub-segment accounted for the highest market share in 2021 and the SME sub-segment is estimated to show the fastest growth during the forecast period.
Source: Research Dive Analysis
The large sub-segment accounted for the highest market share in 2021. Large enterprises need intensive administration of their systems, networks, and applications due to their complex IT infrastructures. To assist major businesses, optimize their operations and cut costs, managed services providers offer end-to-end services that cover planning, designing, implementation, and administration of IT systems. Scalability and flexibility are essential for large businesses. Businesses must be able to scale their IT infrastructure efficiently and swiftly as they expand. Cloud solutions are one of the many services that managed service providers provide, allowing major businesses to grow their IT resources in accordance with their operational requirements. Large enterprises need ongoing monitoring and assistance to make sure their IT systems are performing at their best since they cannot afford downtime or interruption. The seamless operation of major enterprises depends on the 24/7 monitoring and assistance that managed services providers provide.
Based on deployment type, the market has been divided into cloud and on-premise. Among these, the on-premise sub-segment accounted for highest revenue share in 2021 and the cloud sub-segment is anticipated to show the fastest growth rate during the forecast period.
Source: Research Dive Analysis
The cloud sub-segment is anticipated to show the fastest growth rate during the forecast period. Businesses now have the ability to access data and apps from any device or location without the need for on-premises infrastructure because of cloud-based managed services. This makes it possible for businesses to streamline their operations and cut down on the expense of managing and maintaining their IT infrastructure. Cloud managed service providers additionally offer a variety of services, such as cloud migration, cloud security, cloud monitoring, and cloud backup and disaster recovery, allowing organizations to concentrate on their core skills while the provider handles their cloud infrastructure. The demand for cloud-based managed services is rising rapidly, leading to an increase in the number of providers offering cloud-based solutions. This competitive market is driving innovation and service improvements, which is beneficial for businesses looking to leverage cloud-based managed services to achieve their strategic goals. These factors are anticipated to boost the growth of the cloud sub-segment during the forecast years.
Based on service type, the market has been divided into security services, network services, data center & IT infra services, communication & collaboration services, mobility services, and information services. Among these, the network services sub-segment accounted for highest revenue share in 2021 and the security services sub-segment is anticipated to show highest CAGR during the forecast period.
Source: Research Dive Analysis
The security services sub-segment is anticipated to show the highest CAGR during the forecast period. Outsourced management and monitoring of security systems and devices are included in a managed security service. Managed Security Service Providers (MSSPs) are third-party organizations that provide services to businesses. Intrusion detection, vulnerability scanning, managed firewalls, anti-viral services, and other similar services are available. MSSP employs high-availability security operation centers to provide 24-hour-a-day services with the goal of lowering the number of operational security professionals that a corporation must acquire, train, and retain in order to maintain an acceptable security posture.
Based on industry vertical, the market has been divided into telecom, IT, BFSI, consumer goods & retail, manufacturing, healthcare, education, energy & utilities, media & entertainment, and others. Among these, the BFSI sub-segment accounted for the highest revenue share in 2021.
Source: Research Dive Analysis
The BFSI sub-segment accounted for the highest market share in 2021. Banks are finding it challenging to monitor and maintain their systems as IT infrastructure becomes more complicated. Managed service providers (MSPs) are used by businesses to provide a variety of services such as network monitoring, data backup, security management, and help desk support. MSPs help banks improve their capabilities and business operations. Furthermore, MSPs enable banks to reduce in-house IT costs, restructure IT systems, and automate business operations, enabling them to meet their objectives.
The managed services market was investigated across North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and LAMEA.
Source: Research Dive Analysis
The North America managed services market accounted for the highest market share in 2021. North America represents a sizable market for managed services due to the existence of both major enterprises and SMEs in the region. Growth drivers for the market include the requirement for affordable and effective IT operations, a growing concentration on key business functions, and rising cloud technology use. The need for managed services is rising as the trend of outsourcing IT services increases in North America. In addition, the region is home to several leading managed service providers (MSPs) that are continuously innovating and offering new services to meet the changing needs of their clients. These MSPs are also investing heavily in technologies such as automation, artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning (ML) to improve their service offerings and differentiate themselves in the market.
Investment and agreement are common strategies followed by major market players. For instance, in June 2021, the Internal Business Machines Corporation officially unveiled the IBM Centre for Government Cybersecurity to address the cybersecurity requirements of government agencies.
Source: Research Dive Analysis
Some of the leading managed services market players are IBM, HCL, TCS, Atos, AT&T, Cisco, Fujitsu, Ericsson, Accenture, and Dimension Data.
| Aspect | Particulars |
| Historical Market Estimations | 2020 |
| Base Year for Market Estimation | 2021 |
| Forecast Timeline for Market Projection | 2022-2031 |
| Geographical Scope | North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and LAMEA |
| Segmentation by Organization Size |
|
| Segmentation by Deployment type |
|
| Segmentation by Service Type |
|
| Segmentation by Industry Vertical |
|
| Key Companies Profiled |
|
1.Research Methodology
1.1.Desk Research
1.2.Real time insights and validation
1.3.Forecast model
1.4.Assumptions and forecast parameters
1.5.Market size estimation
1.5.1.Top-down approach
1.5.2.Bottom-up approach
2.Report Scope
2.1.Market definition
2.2.Key objectives of the study
2.3.Report overview
2.4.Market segmentation
2.5.Overview of the impact of COVID-19 on Global Managed Services market
3.Executive Summary
4.Market Overview
4.1.Introduction
4.2.Growth impact forces
4.2.1.Drivers
4.2.2.Restraints
4.2.3.Opportunities
4.3.Market value chain analysis
4.3.1.List of raw material suppliers
4.3.2.List of manufacturers
4.3.3.List of distributors
4.4.Innovation & sustainability matrices
4.4.1.Technology matrix
4.4.2.Regulatory matrix
4.5.Porter’s five forces analysis
4.5.1.Bargaining power of suppliers
4.5.2.Bargaining power of consumers
4.5.3.Threat of substitutes
4.5.4.Threat of new entrants
4.5.5.Competitive rivalry intensity
4.6.PESTLE analysis
4.6.1.Political
4.6.2.Economical
4.6.3.Social
4.6.4.Technological
4.6.5.Legal
4.6.6.Environmental
4.7.Impact of COVID-19 on Managed Services market
4.7.1.Pre-covid market scenario
4.7.2.Post-covid market scenario
5.Managed Services Market Analysis, by Organization Size
5.1.Overview
5.2.SME
5.2.1.Definition, key trends, growth factors, and opportunities
5.2.2.Market size analysis, by region,2021-2031
5.2.3.Market share analysis, by country,2021-2031
5.3.Large
5.3.1.Definition, key trends, growth factors, and opportunities
5.3.2.Market size analysis, by region,2021-2031
5.3.3.Market share analysis, by country,2021-2031
5.4.Research Dive Exclusive Insights
5.4.1.Market attractiveness
5.4.2.Competition heatmap
6.Managed Services Market Analysis, by Deployment Type
6.1.Cloud
6.1.1.Definition, key trends, growth factors, and opportunities
6.1.2.Market size analysis, by region,2021-2031
6.1.3.Market share analysis, by country,2021-2031
6.2.On-premise
6.2.1.Definition, key trends, growth factors, and opportunities
6.2.2.Market size analysis, by region,2021-2031
6.2.3.Market share analysis, by country,2021-2031
6.3.Research Dive Exclusive Insights
6.3.1.Market attractiveness
6.3.2.Competition heatmap
7.Managed Services Market Analysis, by Service Type
7.1.Overview
7.2.Security Services
7.2.1.Definition, key trends, growth factors, and opportunities
7.2.2.Market size analysis, by region,2021-2031
7.2.3.Market share analysis, by country,2021-2031
7.3.Network Services
7.3.1.Definition, key trends, growth factors, and opportunities
7.3.2.Market size analysis, by region,2021-2031
7.3.3.Market share analysis, by country,2021-2031
7.4.Data Center & IT Infra-Services
7.4.1.Definition, key trends, growth factors, and opportunities
7.4.2.Market size analysis, by region,2021-2031
7.4.3.Market share analysis, by country,2021-2031
7.5.Communication & Collaboration Services
7.5.1.Definition, key trends, growth factors, and opportunities
7.5.2.Market size analysis, by region,2021-2031
7.5.3.Market share analysis, by country,2021-2031
7.6.Mobility Services
7.6.1.Definition, key trends, growth factors, and opportunities
7.6.2.Market size analysis, by region,2021-2031
7.6.3.Market share analysis, by country,2021-2031
7.7.Information Services
7.7.1.Definition, key trends, growth factors, and opportunities
7.7.2.Market size analysis, by region,2021-2031
7.7.3.Market share analysis, by country,2021-2031
7.8.Research Dive Exclusive Insights
7.8.1.Market attractiveness
7.8.2.Competition heatmap
8.Managed Services Market Analysis, by Industry Vertical
8.1.Overview
8.2.Telecom
8.2.1.Definition, key trends, growth factors, and opportunities
8.2.2.Market size analysis, by region,2021-2031
8.2.3.Market share analysis, by country,2021-2031
8.3.IT
8.3.1.Definition, key trends, growth factors, and opportunities
8.3.2.Market size analysis, by region,2021-2031
8.3.3.Market share analysis, by country,2021-2031
8.4.BFSI
8.4.1.Definition, key trends, growth factors, and opportunities
8.4.2.Market size analysis, by region,2021-2031
8.4.3.Market share analysis, by country,2021-2031
8.5.Consumer Goods & Retail
8.5.1.Definition, key trends, growth factors, and opportunities
8.5.2.Market size analysis, by region,2021-2031
8.5.3.Market share analysis, by country,2021-2031
8.6.Manufacturing
8.6.1.Definition, key trends, growth factors, and opportunities
8.6.2.Market size analysis, by region,2021-2031
8.6.3.Market share analysis, by country,2021-2031
8.7.Healthcare
8.7.1.Definition, key trends, growth factors, and opportunities
8.7.2.Market size analysis, by region,2021-2031
8.7.3.Market share analysis, by country,2021-2031
8.8.Education
8.8.1.Definition, key trends, growth factors, and opportunities
8.8.2.Market size analysis, by region,2021-2031
8.8.3.Market share analysis, by country,2021-2031
8.9.Research Dive Exclusive Insights
8.10.Energy & Utilities
8.10.1.Definition, key trends, growth factors, and opportunities
8.10.2.Market size analysis, by region,2021-2031
8.10.3.Market share analysis, by country,2021-2031
8.11.Media & Entertainment
8.11.1.Definition, key trends, growth factors, and opportunities
8.11.2.Market size analysis, by region,2021-2031
8.11.3.Market share analysis, by country,2021-2031
8.12.Others
8.12.1.Definition, key trends, growth factors, and opportunities
8.12.2.Market size analysis, by region,2021-2031
8.12.3.Market share analysis, by country,2021-2031
8.13.Research Dive Exclusive Insights
8.13.1.Market attractiveness
8.13.2.Competition heatmap
9.Managed Services Market, by Region
9.1.North America
9.1.1.U.S.
9.1.1.1.Market size analysis, by Organization Size
9.1.1.2.Market size analysis, by Deployment Type
9.1.1.3.Market size analysis, by Service Type
9.1.1.4.Market size analysis, by Industry Vertical
9.1.2.Canada
9.1.2.1.Market size analysis, by Organization Size
9.1.2.2.Market size analysis, by Deployment Type
9.1.2.3.Market size analysis, by Service Type
9.1.2.4.Market size analysis, by Industry Vertical
9.1.3.Mexico
9.1.3.1.Market size analysis, by Organization Size
9.1.3.2.Market size analysis, by Deployment Type
9.1.3.3.Market size analysis, by Service Type
9.1.3.4.Market size analysis, by Industry Vertical
9.1.4.Research Dive Exclusive Insights
9.1.4.1.Market attractiveness
9.1.4.2.Competition heatmap
9.2.Europe
9.2.1.Germany
9.2.1.1.Market size analysis, by Organization Size
9.2.1.2.Market size analysis, by Deployment Type
9.2.1.3.Market size analysis, by Service Type
9.2.1.4.Market size analysis, by Industry Vertical
9.2.2.UK
9.2.2.1.Market size analysis, by Organization Size
9.2.2.2.Market size analysis, by Deployment Type
9.2.2.3.Market size analysis, by Service Type
9.2.2.4.Market size analysis, by Industry Vertical
9.2.3.France
9.2.3.1.Market size analysis, by Organization Size
9.2.3.2.Market size analysis, by Deployment Type
9.2.3.3.Market size analysis, by Service Type
9.2.3.4.Market size analysis, by Industry Vertical
9.2.4.Spain
9.2.4.1.Market size analysis, by Organization Size
9.2.4.2.Market size analysis, by Deployment Type
9.2.4.3.Market size analysis, by Service Type
9.2.4.4.Market size analysis, by Industry Vertical
9.2.5.Italy
9.2.5.1.Market size analysis, by Organization Size
9.2.5.2.Market size analysis, by Deployment Type
9.2.5.3.Market size analysis, by Service Type
9.2.5.4.Market size analysis, by Industry Vertical
9.2.6.Rest of Europe
9.2.6.1.Market size analysis, by Organization Size
9.2.6.2.Market size analysis, by Deployment Type
9.2.6.3.Market size analysis, by Service Type
9.2.6.4.Market size analysis, by Industry Vertical
9.2.7.Research Dive Exclusive Insights
9.2.7.1.Market attractiveness
9.2.7.2.Competition heatmap
9.3.Asia-Pacific
9.3.1.China
9.3.1.1.Market size analysis, by Organization Size
9.3.1.2.Market size analysis, by Deployment Type
9.3.1.3.Market size analysis, by Service Type
9.3.1.4.Market size analysis, by Industry Vertical
9.3.2.Japan
9.3.2.1.Market size analysis, by Organization Size
9.3.2.2.Market size analysis, by Deployment Type
9.3.2.3.Market size analysis, by Service Type
9.3.2.4.Market size analysis, by Industry Vertical
9.3.3.India
9.3.3.1.Market size analysis, by Organization Size
9.3.3.2.Market size analysis, by Deployment Type
9.3.3.3.Market size analysis, by Service Type
9.3.3.4.Market size analysis, by Industry Vertical
9.3.4.Australia
9.3.4.1.Market size analysis, by Organization Size
9.3.4.2.Market size analysis, by Deployment Type
9.3.4.3.Market size analysis, by Service Type
9.3.4.4.Market size analysis, by Industry Vertical
9.3.5.South Korea
9.3.5.1.Market size analysis, by Organization Size
9.3.5.2.Market size analysis, by Deployment Type
9.3.5.3.Market size analysis, by Service Type
9.3.5.4.Market size analysis, by Industry Vertical
9.3.6.Rest of Asia-Pacific
9.3.6.1.Market size analysis, by Organization Size
9.3.6.2.Market size analysis, by Deployment Type
9.3.6.3.Market size analysis, by Service Type
9.3.6.4.Market size analysis, by Industry Vertical
9.3.7.Research Dive Exclusive Insights
9.3.7.1.Market attractiveness
9.3.7.2.Competition heatmap
9.4.LAMEA
9.4.1.Brazil
9.4.1.1.Market size analysis, by Organization Size
9.4.1.2.Market size analysis, by Deployment Type
9.4.1.3.Market size analysis, by Service Type
9.4.1.4.Market size analysis, by Industry Vertical
9.4.2.Saudi Arabia
9.4.2.1.Market size analysis, by Organization Size
9.4.2.2.Market size analysis, by Deployment Type
9.4.2.3.Market size analysis, by Service Type
9.4.2.4.Market size analysis, by Industry Vertical
9.4.3.UAE
9.4.3.1.Market size analysis, by Organization Size
9.4.3.2.Market size analysis, by Deployment Type
9.4.3.3.Market size analysis, by Service Type
9.4.3.4.Market size analysis, by Industry Vertical
9.4.4.South Africa
9.4.4.1.Market size analysis, by Organization Size
9.4.4.2.Market size analysis, by Deployment Type
9.4.4.3.Market size analysis, by Service Type
9.4.4.4.Market size analysis, by Industry Vertical
9.4.5.Rest of LAMEA
9.4.5.1.Market size analysis, by Organization Size
9.4.5.2.Market size analysis, by Deployment Type
9.4.5.3.Market size analysis, by Service Type
9.4.5.4.Market size analysis, by Industry Vertical
9.4.6.Research Dive Exclusive Insights
9.4.6.1.Market attractiveness
9.4.6.2.Competition heatmap
10.Competitive Landscape
10.1.Top winning strategies, 2021
10.1.1.By strategy
10.1.2.By year
10.2.Strategic overview
10.3.Market share analysis, 2021
11.Company Profiles
11.1.IBM
11.1.1.Overview
11.1.2.Business segments
11.1.3.Product portfolio
11.1.4.Financial performance
11.1.5.Recent developments
11.1.6.SWOT analysis
11.2.HCL
11.2.1.Overview
11.2.2.Business segments
11.2.3.Product portfolio
11.2.4.Financial performance
11.2.5.Recent developments
11.2.6.SWOT analysis
11.3.TCS
11.3.1.Overview
11.3.2.Business segments
11.3.3.Product portfolio
11.3.4.Financial performance
11.3.5.Recent developments
11.3.6.SWOT analysis
11.4.Atos
11.4.1.Overview
11.4.2.Business segments
11.4.3.Product portfolio
11.4.4.Financial performance
11.4.5.Recent developments
11.4.6.SWOT analysis
11.5.AT&T
11.5.1.Overview
11.5.2.Business segments
11.5.3.Product portfolio
11.5.4.Financial performance
11.5.5.Recent developments
11.5.6.SWOT analysis
11.6.Cisco
11.6.1.Overview
11.6.2.Business segments
11.6.3.Product portfolio
11.6.4.Financial performance
11.6.5.Recent developments
11.6.6.SWOT analysis
11.7.Fujitsu
11.7.1.Overview
11.7.2.Business segments
11.7.3.Product portfolio
11.7.4.Financial performance
11.7.5.Recent developments
11.7.6.SWOT analysis
11.8.Ericsson
11.8.1.Overview
11.8.2.Business segments
11.8.3.Product portfolio
11.8.4.Financial performance
11.8.5.Recent developments
11.8.6.SWOT analysis
11.9.Accenture
11.9.1.Overview
11.9.2.Business segments
11.9.3.Product portfolio
11.9.4.Financial performance
11.9.5.Recent developments
11.9.6.SWOT analysis
11.10.Dimension Data
11.10.1.Overview
11.10.2.Business segments
11.10.3.Product portfolio
11.10.4.Financial performance
11.10.5.Recent developments
11.10.6.SWOT analysis
* Taxes/Fees, If applicable will be added during checkout. All prices in USD.
Have a question ?
Enquire To BuyNeed to add more ?
Request Customization
